Dr. Mark R. Budden

Professor of Mathematics

Western Carolina University


Office:  430 Stillwell
       

E-mail:
mrbudden@email.wcu.edu









Research Interests:  Ramsey Theory, Hypergraphs, Extremal Combinatorics, and Algebraic Number Theory



Editorial Work:

Assistant Managing Editor for Integers: Electronic Journal of Combinatorial Number Theory (2022-present)

Associate Editor for Utilitas Mathematica (2026-present)



Books

M. Budden, Star-Critical Ramsey Numbers for Graphs, SpringerBriefs in Mathematics, Springer, Cham, 2023.

M. Budden, Weakened Ramsey Theory, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2026.


Research Articles (* indicates undergraduate student coauthor, ** indicates graduate student coauthor):

[1]  M. Budden, Local Coefficient Matrices of Metaplectic Groups, Journal of Lie Theory 16 (2006), 239-249.  pdf

[2]  M. Budden, P. Hadavas, L. Hoffman, and C. Pretz, Generating Valid 4×4 Correlation Matrices, Applied Mathematics E-Notes 7 (2007), 53-59.  pdf

[3]  M. Budden, R.J. Eisenmenger*, and J. Kish**, A Generalization of Scholz's Reciprocity Law, Journal de Théorie des Nombres de Bordeaux 19 (2007), 583-594.  pdf

[4]  M. Budden, P. Hadavas, and L. Hoffman, On the Generation of Correlation Matrices, Applied Mathematics E-Notes 8 (2008), 279-282.  pdf

[5]  M. Budden, A. Collins*, K. Ellis Lea*, and S. Savioli*, Rational Residuacity of Primes, Involve 3 (2010), 249-257.  pdf  (Note that F. Lemmermeyer has pointed out a mistake in the proof of Theorem 2.)

[6]  B. Budden, M. Budden, G. Case, and M. Cherry, Characteristic Count Rate Profiles for a Rotating Modulator Gamma-Ray Imager, Astrophysics and Space Science 334 No. 1 (2011), 61-69.  pdf

[7]  M. Budden, N. Calkins*, W. Hack*, J. Lambert, and K. Thompson*, Enumeration of Triangles in Quartic Residue Graphs, Integers 11 (2011), #A48 (16 pages) (electronic); Integers 12 (2012) 57-73 (print).  pdf

[8]  M. Budden, S. Eastman, S. King*, and A. Moisant*, Permutations of Rational Residues, Acta Universitatis Apulensis 28 (2011), 333-339.  pdf

[9]  M. Budden, N. Calkins*, W. Hack*, J. Lambert, and K. Thompson*, Dirichlet Character Difference Graphs, Acta Mathematica Universitatis Comenianae 82, No. 1 (2013), 21-28.  pdf

[10]  R. Atanasov, M. Budden, J. Lambert, K. Murphy*, and A. Penland**, On Certain Induced Subgraphs of Paley Graphs, Acta Universitatis Apulensis 40 (2014), 51-65.  pdf

[11]  R. Atanasov, M. Budden, and J. Lambert, Character Difference Digraphs over Finite Fields, Rendiconti del Seminario Matematico della Università di Padova 133 (2015), 103-115.  pdf

[12]  M. Budden, J. Hiller**,  and A. Rapp**, Generalized Ramsey Theorems for r-Uniform Hypergraphs, Australasian Journal of Combinatorics 63 (2015), 142-152.  pdf

[13]  M. Budden and A. Rapp**, Constructing r-Uniform Hypergraphs with Restricted Clique Numbers, The North Carolina Journal of Mathematics and Statistics 1 (2015), 30-34.  pdf

[14]  M. Budden, J. Hiller**, and A. Rapp**, Hypergraph Ramsey Numbers Involving Paths, Acta Universitatis Apulensis 48 (2016), 75-87.  pdf 

[15]  M. Budden, J. Hiller**, J. Lambert, and C. Sanford*, The Lifting of Graphs to 3-Uniform Hypergraphs and Some Applications to Hypergraph Ramsey Theory, Involve 10 (2017), 65-76.  pdf 

[16]  M. Budden and G. Goehle, Local Coefficient Matrices and the Metaplectic Correspondence, Journal of Lie Theory 27 (2017), 657-670.  pdf

[17]  M. Budden, M. Stender*, and Y. Zhang, Weakened Ramsey Numbers and Their Hypergraph Analogues, Integers 17 (2017), #A23 (8 pages). pdf

[18]  M. Bruce*, M. Budden, and J. Hiller, Lexicographic Products of r-Uniform Hypergraphs and Applications to Hypergraph Ramsey Theory, Australasian Journal of Combinatorics 70 (2018), 390-401.  pdf

[19]  G. Beam* and M. Budden, Weakened Gallai-Ramsey Numbers, Surveys in Mathematics and its Applications 13 (2018), 131-145.  pdf

[20]  M. Budden and A. Penland, Trees and n-Good Hypergraphs, Australasian Journal of Combinatorics 72 (2018), 329-349.  pdf

[21]  M. Budden and E. DeJonge*, Destroying the Ramsey Property by the Removal of Edges, Australasian Journal of Combinatorics 74 (2019), 476-485.  pdf

[22]  M. Budden and A. Penland, Corrigendum: Trees and n-Good Hypergraphs, Australasian Journal of Combinatorics 75 (2019), 171-173.  pdf

[23]  M. Budden, J. Hiller, and A. Penland, Constructive Methods in Gallai-Ramsey Theory for Hypergraphs, Integers 20A (2020), #A4.  pdf

[24]  M. Budden, Schur Numbers Involving Rainbow Colorings, Ars Mathematica Contemporanea 18 (2020), 281-288.  pdf

[25]  M. Budden and J. Clifton*, A Weakened Version of Strict Schur Numbers, Acta Universitatis Apulensis 65 (2021), 111-122.  pdf

[26]  M. Budden, J. Hiller, T. Meek*, and A. Penland, Algebraic Properties of a Hypergraph Lifting Map, Integers 21 (2021), #A77 (12 pages).  pdf

[27]  M. Budden and W. Stiles*, Anti-Ramsey Hypergraph Numbers, Electronic Journal of Graph Theory and Applications 9 (2021), 397-407.  pdf

[28]  M. Budden, The Gallai-Ramsey Number for a Tree Versus Complete Graphs, Ron Graham Memorial Volume, Integers 21A (2021), #A7 (6 pages) (electronic); In: Number Theory and Combinatorics: A Collection in Honor of the Mathematics of Ronald Graham, De Gruyter Proc. Math., De Gruyter, Berlin, 2022, 109-113 (print).  pdf

[29]  M. Budden, J. Hiller, and A. Penland, Minimally Connected r-Uniform Hypergraphs, Australasian Journal of Combinatorics 82 (2022), 1-20.  pdf

[30]  M. Budden and J. Hiller, Sierpiński Products of r-Uniform Hypergraphs, The Art of Discrete and Applied Mathematics 5 (2022), #P1.06 (13 pages).  pdf

[31]  M. Budden and B. Collins*, Some Variations of Multicolor Rado Numbers, Acta Universitatis Apulensis 69 (2022), 93-105.  pdf

[32]  M. Budden and E. DeJonge*, Multicolor Star-Critical Ramsey Numbers and Ramsey-Good Graphs, Electronic Journal of Graph Theory and Applications 10 (2022), 51-66.  pdf

[33]  M. Budden and T. Wimbish*, Subgraphs of Gallai-Colored Complete Graphs Spanned by Edges Using at Most Two Colors, Australasian Journal of Combinatorics 84 (2022), 375-387.  pdf

[34]  M. Budden and J. Clifton*, Hypergraph Ramsey Numbers Involving Trees, Stars, and Complete Hypergraphs, Integers 22 (2022), #A92 (14 pages).  pdf

[35]  M. Budden and Z. Daouda*, Star-Critical Gallai-Ramsey Numbers Involving the Disjoint Union of Triangles, The Art of Discrete and Applied Mathematics 6 (2023), #P1.09 (9 pages).  pdf

[36]  M. Budden, Ramsey Numbers for Connected 2-Colorings of Complete Graphs, Theory and Applications of Graphs 10 (2023), Article 7 (10 pages).  pdf

[37]  M. Budden, The Multicolor Star-Critical Gallai-Ramsey Number for a Path of Order 5, Discrete Mathematics Letters 12 (2023), 145-149.  pdf

[38]  M. Budden and H. Privette*, Multicolor Ramsey Theory for a Fan Versus Complete Graphs, Discrete Mathematics Letters 13 (2024), 143-149.  pdf

[39]  M. Budden and B. Landman, Rainbow Numbers for the Generalized Schur Equation x_1+x_2+...+ x_{m-1} = x_m, Australasian Journal of Combinatorics 90 (2024), 66-79.  pdf

[40]  M. Moun**, J. Jakhar, and M. Budden, Star-Critical Connected Ramsey Numbers for 2-Colorings of Complete Graphs, Transactions on Combinatorics
14 (2025), 211-222.  pdf

[41]  M. Budden and T. Wimbish**, Connected Ramsey Numbers Involving Trees, Electronic Journal of Mathematics 9 (2025), 31-37.  pdf 

[42]  J. Jakhar, M. Budden, and
M. Moun**, Rainbow Numbers in Planar Host Graphs, Filomat 39(8) (2025), 2695-2710.  pdf

[43]  M. Budden and R. Prange*, Ramsey Theory for a Generalized Fan Versus Triangles, Utilitas Mathematica 123 (2025), 165-178.  pdf 

[44]  M. Budden, The Star-Critical Weakened Gallai-Ramsey Number gr^{2,t}_*(C_5),  Filomat 39(24) (2025), 8545-8549.  pdf

[45]  M. Budden, M. Moun**, and J. Jakhar, Star-Critical Weakened Ramsey Numbers, Theory and Applications of Graphs 12(2) (2025), Article 4 (16 pages).  pdf

[46]  M. Budden and R. Prange**, The Star-Critical Gallai-Ramsey Number gr_*(F_{3,2},K_3,K_3) and Related Critical Colorings, Congressus Numerantium 236 (2025), 115-122.  pdf

[47]  M. Budden, M. Moun**, and J. Jakhar, The Multicolor Star-Critical Gallai-Ramsey Number for a Path of Order 6, The Art of Discrete and Applied Mathematics 9 (2026), #P1.05 (9 pages).  pdf 

[48]  M. Budden, Weakened Gallai-Ramsey Numbers for Fans, Utilitas Mathematica 127 (2026), 65-73.  pdf

[49]  M. Budden, L. Goch*, and J. Hiller, Computational Lower Bounds for Weakened Ramsey Numbers from Strongly Regular t-Colorings of Complete Graphs, Bulletin of the Institute of Combinatorics and its Applications
107 (2026), 56-67.  pdf

[50]  M. Budden, M. Moun**, J. Jakhar, and R. Prange**, Multicolor Connected Ramsey Numbers, Australasian Journal of Combinatorics 95(2) (2026), 364-380.  pdf

[51]  M. Budden, Y.S. Khobragade**, and S. Sarkar, Lower Bounds for Multicolor Star-Critical Ramsey Numbers, under review.  preprint

[52]  Z. Wang, L. Zhang, M. Wei, and M. Budden, Gallai-Ramsey Numbers for \ell-Connected Graphs, under review.  preprint

[53]  M. Budden and A. Gregory, Weakened Gallai-Ramsey Numbers for Books, under review.  preprint

[54]  M. Budden and E. DeJonge, The 3-Color 2-Chromatic Gallai-Ramsey Number for Complete Graphs, under review.



Articles in Preparation (* indicates undergraduate student coauthor, ** indicates graduate student coauthor):

[55]  M. Budden, J. Hiller, and H. Privette**, The H-Join of Families of r-Uniform Hypergraphs.


[56]  M. Budden, Y. Mao, R. Prange**, and M. Wei, Gallai-Ramsey Theory for Multiple Triangles.


[57]  J. Alm, M. Budden, and A. Gregory, Star-Critical Ordered Ramsey Numbers.

[58]  M. Moun and M. Budden, Weakened Rainbow Numbers.

[59]  M. Budden and P. Poudel*, 3-Color (1,2)-Chromatic Gallai-Ramsey Numbers Involving Stars.

[60]  M. Budden, A. Gregory, and S. Sullivan*, Variations on the Pebbling Number of a Graph.
 


Other Publications:

[1]  B. Bailey, M. Budden, and U. Ghosh-Dastidar, Practical Tips for Managing Challenging Scenarios in Undergraduate Research, MAA Online Column: Resources for Undergraduate Research in Mathematics 3 (2008).  pdf

[2]  B. Bailey, M. Budden, M. Dorff, and U. Ghosh-Dastidar, Undergraduate Research: How Do We Begin?, MAA Focus 29, No. 1 (2009), 14-16.  pdf



Conference Organization:

PANTS X (PAlmetto Number Theory Series) held at Armstrong Atlantic State University September 19-20, 2009.

SERMON 2012 (SouthEast Regional Meeting On Numbers)
held at Western Carolina University March 30 - April 1, 2012.



Math Links:

Videos on Ramsey Theory

Mathematics arXiv

Mathematics Genealogy Project

The Institute of Combinatorics and its Applications

Number Theory Web